{"id":365,"date":"2010-11-12T11:57:20","date_gmt":"2010-11-12T11:57:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/imediata.org\/?p=365"},"modified":"2010-11-12T11:57:20","modified_gmt":"2010-11-12T11:57:20","slug":"esta-na-hora-de-acabar-com-a-guerra-contra-a-terra-por-vandana-shiva","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/?p=365","title":{"rendered":">>Est\u00e1 na hora de acabar com a Guerra contra a Terra, por Vandana Shiva"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"null\"
\nFonte: The Age (Australia) de 7 de novembro de 2010<\/p>\n

Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o: Mario S. Mieli\/Ag\u00eancia Imediata<\/strong><\/p>\n

Quando pensamos nas guerras de nossa \u00e9poca, nossas mentes se voltam ao Iraque e ao Afeganist\u00e3o. Mas h\u00e1 uma guerra mais ampla: a guerra contra o planeta. Essa guerra tem suas ra\u00edzes em uma economia que n\u00e3o respeita os limites \u00e9ticos e ecol\u00f3gicos \u2013 limites quanto \u00e0 desiguladade, limites quanto \u00e0 injusti\u00e7a, limites quanto \u00e0 avareza e \u00e0 concentra\u00e7\u00e3o econ\u00f4mica. <\/p>\n

Um punhado de corpora\u00e7\u00f5es e de pa\u00edses poderosos querem controlar os recursos da terra e transformar o planeta num supermercado, onde tudo est\u00e1 \u00e0 venda. Eles querem vender nossa \u00e1gua, genes, c\u00e9lulas, \u00f3rg\u00e3os, sabedoria, culturas e futuro. <\/p>\n

As guerras em curso no Afeganist\u00e3o, no Iraque e por a\u00ed vai n\u00e3o dizem respeito somente ao chamado “blood for oil” \u2013 \u201csangue por petr\u00f3leo\u201d. Enquanto progridem, veremos que dizem respeito a sangue por alimentos, sangue por genes e biodiversidade e sangue por \u00e1gua. <\/p>\n

A mentalidade de guerra subjacente \u00e0 agricultura militar-industrial \u00e9 evidente j\u00e1 pelos nomes dos herbicidas da Monsanto \u2013 ”Round-Up”, ”Machete”, ”Lasso”. A American Home Products, que j\u00e1 se fundiu \u00e0 Monsanto, d\u00e1 a seus herbicidas nomes similarmente agressivos, incluindo o ”Pentagon” e o ”Squadron”. Essa \u00e9 a linguagem da guerra. A sustentabilidade se baseia em paz na terra. <\/p>\n

A Guerra contra a terra come\u00e7a na mente. Pensamentos violentos moldam a\u00e7\u00f5es violentas. Categorias violentas constroem instrumentos violentos. E em nenhum lugar isso \u00e9 mais verdadeiro que nas met\u00e1foras e m\u00e9todos nos quais a produ\u00e7\u00e3o industrial, agr\u00edcola e alimentar est\u00e1 baseada. As f\u00e1bricas que produziam venenos e explosivos para matar pessoas durante as guerras foram transformadas, depois das guerras, em f\u00e1bricas produtoras de agroqu\u00edmicos. <\/p>\n

No ano de 1984, despertei para o fato de que havia algo incrivelmente errado com o modo como os alimentos eram produzidos. Com a viol\u00eancia no Punjab e o desaste em Bhopal, a agricultura se assemelhava a uma guerra. Foi quando escrevi \u201cA Viol\u00eancia da Revolu\u00e7\u00e3o Verde\u201d e o motivo porque comecei a Navdanya, como movimento a favor de uma agricultura livre de venenos e t\u00f3xicos. <\/p>\n

Os pesticidas, que come\u00e7aram como subst\u00e2ncias qu\u00edmicas de guerra, falharam em controlar as pestes. Supunha-se que a engenharia gen\u00e9tica providenciaria uma alternativa \u00e0s subst\u00e2ncias qu\u00edmicas t\u00f3xicas. Ao contr\u00e1rio, ela levou a um aumento no uso de pesticidas e herbicidas e provocou uma guerra contra os agricultores. <\/p>\n

A nutri\u00e7\u00e3o de alto custo e as subst\u00e2ncias qu\u00edmicas de alto custo s\u00e3o a cilada para onde s\u00e3o levados os agricultures endividados \u2013 e a armadilha da d\u00edvida est\u00e1 levando os agricultures ao suic\u00eddio. Segundo estat\u00edsticas oficiais, mais de 200.000 agricultores indianos cometeram suic\u00eddio, na \u00cdndia, desde 1997. <\/p>\n

Estar em paz com a terra sempre foi um imperativo \u00e9tico e ecol\u00f3gico. Agora, tornou-se um imperativo de sobreviv\u00eancia para as nossas esp\u00e9cies. <\/p>\n

A viol\u00eancia contra o solo, a biodiversidade, a \u00e1gua, a atmosfera, os campos de cultivo e os agricultures produz um sistema alimentar semelhante \u00e0 guerra, que \u00e9 incapaz de alimentar as pessoas. Um bilh\u00e3o de pessoas est\u00e3o famintas. Dois bilh\u00f5es sofrem de doen\u00e7as relativas \u00e0 alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o \u2013 obesidade, diabete, hipertens\u00e3o e c\u00e2ncer.<\/p>\n

H\u00e1 tr\u00eas n\u00edveis de consci\u00eancia envolvidos com o desenvolvimento n\u00e3o sustent\u00e1vel. O primeiro \u00e9 a viol\u00eancia contra a terra, o qual se manifesta como crise ecol\u00f3gica. O segundo \u00e9 a viol\u00eancia contra as pessoas, o qual se expressa como pobreza, destitui\u00e7\u00e3o e deslocamento. O terceiro \u00e9 a viol\u00eancia da guera e do conflito, \u00e0 medida que os poderosos buscam recursos que se encontram em outros pa\u00edses e comunidades, para seus apetites sem limites. <\/p>\n

Quando cada aspecto da vida \u00e9 comercializado, o viver se torna muito caro; as pessoas s\u00e3o pobres, mesmo quando ganham mais que um d\u00f3lar por dia. Por outro lado, as pessoas podem ser afluentes em termos materiais, mesmo sem a economia do dinheiro, se tiverem acesso \u00e0 terra; seus solos s\u00e3o f\u00e9rteis, seus rios fluem limpos, suas culturas s\u00e3o ricas e transmitem a tradi\u00e7\u00e3o de criar belas casas e roupas, alimentos deliciosos, e h\u00e1 uma coes\u00e3o social, solidariedade e esp\u00edrito de comunidade. <\/p>\n

A eleva\u00e7\u00e3o do dom\u00ednio do mercado e do dinheiro como capital produzido pelo homem, \u00e0 posi\u00e7\u00e3o do mais alto princ\u00edpio organizador das sociedades e \u00fanica medida de nosso bem-estar levou \u00e0 destrui\u00e7\u00e3o dos processos que mant\u00eam e sustentam a vida na natureza e na sociedade. <\/p>\n

Quanto mais ricos nos tornamos, mais pobres ficamos em termos ecol\u00f3gicos e culturais. O crescimento da aflu\u00eancia, medida pelo dinheiro, est\u00e1 levando a um crescimento da pobreza em \u00e2mbito material, cultural, ecol\u00f3gico e espiritual. <\/p>\n

O meio de troca real da vida \u00e9 a pr\u00f3pria vida e essa vis\u00e3o levanta quest\u00f5es: como nos vemos a n\u00f3s mesmos nesse mundo? Para que servem os seres humanos? Somos meramente uma m\u00e1quina de fazer dinheiro e desperdi\u00e7ar recursos? Ou temos um prop\u00f3sito mais alto, uma finalidade mais elevada? <\/p>\n

Creio que a \u201cdemocracia da terra\u201d nos permite imaginar e criar democracias vivas baseadas no valor intr\u00ednsico de todas as esp\u00e9cies, todos os povos e todas as culturas \u2013 compartilhando de forma justa e igualit\u00e1ria os recursos vitais dessa terra, e as decis\u00f5es sobre o uso dos recursos da terra. <\/p>\n

A democracia da terra protege os processos ecol\u00f3gicos que mant\u00eam a vida e os direitos humanos fundamentais que s\u00e3o a base do direito \u00e0 vida, inclusive o direito \u00e0 \u00e1gua, \u00e0 alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o, \u00e0 sa\u00fade, \u00e0 educa\u00e7\u00e3o, ao emprego e \u00e0s formas de sustento. <\/p>\n

Temos que fazer uma escolha. Obedeceremos \u00e0s leis do mercado da avareza corporativa ou as leis de Gaia, para mantermos os ecossistemas da terra e a diversidade de seus seres? <\/p>\n

A necessidade de alimentos e \u00e1gua que as pessoas t\u00eam pode ser satisfeita somente se a capacidade da natureza de fornecer alimentos e \u00e1gua for protegida. Solos mortos e rios mortos n\u00e3o d\u00e3o alimentos nem \u00e1gua. <\/p>\n

Defender os direitos da M\u00e3e Terra \u00e9, portanto, a luta mais importante na defesa dos direitos humanos e da justi\u00e7a social. \u00c9 o mais amplo movimento pela paz de nossos tempos. <\/p>\n

Esta \u00e9 uma vers\u00e3o editada da palestra da Dra. Vandana Shiva na \u00d3pera de Sydney, de 6 de novembro de 2010.
\n\u00a9 2010 The Age <\/p>\n

Vandana Shiva \u00e9 uma feminista e ativista indiana. Ela \u00e9 a fundadora e diretora do Navdanya Research Foundation for Science, Technology, and Ecology.<\/p>\n

Time to End War Against the Earth <\/p>\n

by Vandana Shiva <\/p>\n

Published on Sunday, November 7, 2010 by The Age (Australia) <\/p>\n

<\/strong>
\nWhen we think of wars in our times, our minds turn to Iraq and Afghanistan. But the bigger war is the war against the planet. This war has its roots in an economy that fails to respect ecological and ethical limits – limits to inequality, limits to injustice, limits to greed and economic concentration. <\/p>\n

A handful of corporations and of powerful countries seeks to control the earth’s resources and transform the planet into a supermarket in which everything is for sale. They want to sell our water, genes, cells, organs, knowledge, cultures and future. <\/p>\n

The continuing wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and onwards are not only about “blood for oil”. As they unfold, we will see that they are about blood for food, blood for genes and biodiversity and blood for water. <\/p>\n

The war mentality underlying military-industrial agriculture is evident from the names of Monsanto’s herbicides – ”Round-Up”, ”Machete”, ”Lasso”. American Home Products, which has merged with Monsanto, gives its herbicides similarly aggressive names, including ”Pentagon” and ”Squadron”.This is the language of war. Sustainability is based on peace with the earth. <\/p>\n

The war against the earth begins in the mind. Violent thoughts shape violent actions. Violent categories construct violent tools. And nowhere is this more vivid than in the metaphors and methods on which industrial, agricultural and food production is based. Factories that produced poisons and explosives to kill people during wars were transformed into factories producing agri-chemicals after the wars. <\/p>\n

The year 1984 woke me up to the fact that something was terribly wrong with the way food was produced. With the violence in Punjab and the disaster in Bhopal, agriculture looked like war. That is when I wrote The Violence of the Green Revolution and why I started Navdanya as a movement for an agriculture free of poisons and toxics. <\/p>\n

Pesticides, which started as war chemicals, have failed to control pests. Genetic engineering was supposed to provide an alternative to toxic chemicals. Instead, it has led to increased use of pesticides and herbicides and unleashed a war against farmers. <\/p>\n

The high-cost feeds and high-cost chemicals are trapping farmers in debt – and the debt trap is pushing farmers to suicide. According to official data, more than 200,000 Indian farmers have committed suicide in India since 1997. <\/p>\n

Making peace with the earth was always an ethical and ecological imperative. It has now become a survival imperative for our species. <\/p>\n

Violence to the soil, to biodiversity, to water, to atmosphere, to farms and farmers produces a warlike food system that is unable to feed people. One billion people are hungry. Two billion suffer food-related diseases – obesity, diabetes, hypertension and cancers. <\/p>\n

There are three levels of violence involved in non-sustainable development. The first is the violence against the earth, which is expressed as the ecological crisis. The second is the violence against people, which is expressed as poverty, destitution and displacement. The third is the violence of war and conflict, as the powerful reach for the resources that lie in other communities and countries for their limitless appetites. <\/p>\n

When every aspect of life is commercialized, living becomes more costly, and people are poor, even if they earn more than a dollar a day. On the other hand, people can be affluent in material terms, even without the money economy, if they have access to land, their soils are fertile, their rivers flow clean, their cultures are rich and carry traditions of producing beautiful homes and clothing and delicious food, and there is social cohesion, solidarity and spirit of community. <\/p>\n

The elevation of the domain of the market, and money as man-made capital, to the position of the highest organizing principle for societies and the only measure of our well-being has led to the undermining of the processes that maintain and sustain life in nature and society. <\/p>\n

The richer we get, the poorer we become ecologically and culturally. The growth of affluence, measured in money, is leading to a growth in poverty at the material, cultural, ecological and spiritual levels. <\/p>\n

The real currency of life is life itself and this view raises questions: how do we look at ourselves in this world? What are humans for? And are we merely a money-making and resource-guzzling machine? Or do we have a higher purpose, a higher end? <\/p>\n

I believe that ”earth democracy” enables us to envision and create living democracies based on the intrinsic worth of all species, all peoples, all cultures – a just and equal sharing of this earth’s vital resources, and sharing the decisions about the use of the earth’s resources. <\/p>\n

Earth democracy protects the ecological processes that maintain life and the fundamental human rights that are the basis of the right to life, including the right to water, food, health, education, jobs and livelihoods. <\/p>\n

We have to make a choice. Will we obey the market laws of corporate greed or Gaia’s laws for maintenance of the earth’s ecosystems and the diversity of its beings? <\/p>\n

People’s need for food and water can be met only if nature’s capacity to provide food and water is protected. Dead soils and dead rivers cannot give food and water. <\/p>\n

Defending the rights of Mother Earth is therefore the most important human rights and social justice struggle. It is the broadest peace movement of our times. <\/p>\n

This is an edited version of Dr Vandana Shiva’s speech at the Sydney Opera House last night.
\n\u00a9 2010 The Age <\/p>\n

Vandana Shiva is an Indian feminist and environmental activist. She is the founder\/director of Navdanya Research Foundation for Science, Technology, and Ecology.<\/strong>
\nПодаръци<\/a><\/font>Сувенири<\/a><\/font>Идея за подарък<\/a><\/font>икони<\/a><\/font>ikoni<\/a><\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fonte: The Age (Australia) de 7 de novembro de 2010 Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o: Mario S. Mieli\/Ag\u00eancia Imediata Quando pensamos nas guerras de nossa \u00e9poca, nossas mentes se voltam ao Iraque e ao Afeganist\u00e3o. Mas h\u00e1 uma guerra mais ampla: a guerra contra o planeta. Essa guerra tem suas ra\u00edzes em uma economia que n\u00e3o respeita os limites […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biodiversidade-imediata"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=365"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":394,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/365\/revisions\/394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}