{"id":10,"date":"2008-06-29T23:48:54","date_gmt":"2008-06-29T23:48:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/imediata.org\/?p=10"},"modified":"2009-08-13T18:09:05","modified_gmt":"2009-08-13T18:09:05","slug":"every-move-you-make-cada-um-de-seus-passos%e2%80%a6-por-chellis-glendenning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/?p=10","title":{"rendered":">>Every Move You Make (Cada um de seus passos\u2026), por Chellis Glendenning"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nFonte: counterpunch.org<\/em><\/a> de 19 de junho de 2008
\nTradu\u00e7\u00e3o: Ag\u00eancia Imediata<\/strong><\/p>\n

Grampeamento de chamadas telef\u00f4nicas particulares e de e-mails. C\u00e2maras registrando cada um de seus movimentos. Nada de habeas corpus. Acesso ilimitado aos seus registros financeiros pessoais. M\u00e1quinas de voto que mudam os resultados das elei\u00e7\u00f5es com uma simples viradinha do bot\u00e3o de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o. Manifesta\u00e7\u00f5es e protestos definidos como terrorismo. Muitas pessoas t\u00eam a esperan\u00e7a de que a perda de direitos civis que os estadunidenses t\u00eam sofrido desde que come\u00e7aram os ataques violentos montados pela Segunda Administra\u00e7\u00e3o Bush seja uma realidade pol\u00edtica que possa ser revertida pela determina\u00e7\u00e3o e vontade eleitoral. <\/p>\n

<\/param><\/param><\/embed><\/object> Every Breath You Take<\/a> by Imediata<\/a><\/span> <\/p>\n

Os mecanismos estabelecidos do poder pol\u00edtico s\u00e3o, \u00e9 claro, os meios imediatamente dispon\u00edveis para se tentar uma mudan\u00e7a. No\u00e7\u00f5es de direitos do cidad\u00e3o, liberdade e participa\u00e7\u00e3o democr\u00e1tica s\u00e3o paradigmas obrigat\u00f3rios que t\u00eam consistentemente impelido a coragem dos cidad\u00e3os dos EUA \u2013 contudo, Sheldon Wolin, cientista politico mais calejado, que ensinou a filosofia da democracia por cinco d\u00e9cadas, v\u00ea a dif\u00edcil situa\u00e7\u00e3o corrente da hegemonia governamental-corporativa como algo mais end\u00eamico. <\/p>\n

\u201cTotalitarismo inverso\u201d, como ele chama em seu recente \u201cDemocracy Incorporated\u201d (Democracia S.A.), \u201cconsiste em exercer o poder total sem demonstrar que ele est\u00e1 feito, sem estabelecer campos de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o, sem impor uniformidade ideol\u00f3gica, ou sem suprimir pela for\u00e7a os elementos dissidentes, desde que eles permane\u00e7am ineficazes.\u201d Para Wolin, tal forma de poder pol\u00edtico faz dos EUA \u201ca vitrine de como a democracia pode ser dirigida sem mostrar que ela est\u00e1 sendo eliminada.\u201d <\/p>\n

Wolin ressalta corretamente que as origens do sistema de governo dos EUA \u201cnasceram com um preconceito contra a democracia\u201d e, apesar disso, o sistema se expandiu rapidamente para al\u00e9m de suas ra\u00edzes agr\u00e1rias menos que democr\u00e1ticas para se transformar em uma sociedade urbana de massas que, com sabores bem peculiares de 1984, poderia ser chamada de tecnofascismo. O papel da tecnologia \u00e9 o fator negligenciado do quebra-cabe\u00e7as que \u00e9 a charada pol\u00edtica contempor\u00e2nea. <\/p>\n

Quais s\u00e3o seus mecanismos de controle? <\/strong><\/p>\n

O uso de tecnologias de telecomunica\u00e7\u00e3o para a vigil\u00e2ncia \u00e9 \u00f3bvio. Assim como a altera\u00e7\u00e3o intencional de dados inform\u00e1ticos para reportagens p\u00fablicas, a manipula\u00e7\u00e3o das not\u00edcias na televis\u00e3o para moldar as opini\u00f5es e o uso de armas emissoras de microondas para o controle das massas. <\/p>\n

Menos \u00f3bvias s\u00e3o aquelas que poder\u00edamos chamar de \u201cmecaniza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa\u201d, atrav\u00e9s da qual os cidad\u00e3os aceitam cegamente a marcha do desenvolvimento tecnol\u00f3gico como uma express\u00e3o de uma muito inexata, e para alguns at\u00e9 errada, concep\u00e7\u00e3o de \u201cprogresso\u201d. Um dos mecanismos que propagam tal cegueira \u00e9 o papel invis\u00edvel do governo dos EUA como \u201ccriada\u201d regulamentadora do setor, oferecendo pouco ou nenhum meio para que os cidad\u00e3os determinem que tecnologias deveriam ser disseminadas, ao inv\u00e9s disso, recebemos qualquer organismo geneticamente modificado ou qualquer usina nuclear que as corpora\u00e7\u00f5es desejarem. Um exemplo \u00f3bvio disso \u00e9 a Lei de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es de 1996 que, procurando n\u00e3o repetir os \u201cerros\u201d do setor nuclear, n\u00e3o oferece qualquer tipo de participa\u00e7\u00e3o do p\u00fablico quanto aos impactos sobre a sa\u00fade ou o meio-ambiente de suas antenas, torres e sat\u00e9lites, e o resultado disso \u00e9 que o p\u00fablico n\u00e3o tem a menor id\u00e9ia sobre os efeitos biol\u00f3gicos muito reais da radi\u00e7\u00e3o eletromagn\u00e9tica. A mecaniza\u00e7\u00e3o inversa \u00e9 tamb\u00e9m impulsionada pelo acesso desigual aos recursos: as corpora\u00e7\u00f5es moldam a opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica e montam defesas ilimitadas contra os grupos de cidad\u00e3os que podem estar morrendo devido \u00e0 exposi\u00e7\u00e3o a uma tecnologia perigosa, mas cujos fundos s\u00f3 chegam pingados a conta-gotas atrav\u00e9s de vendas que parecem rifas. Em seu \u201cAutonomous Technology: Technics-Out-Of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought\u201d (Tecnologia aut\u00f4noma: as t\u00e9cnicas fora de controle como tema do pensamento pol\u00edtico), o cientista pol\u00edtico Langdon Winner ressalta que, al\u00e9m disso, os pr\u00f3prios artefatos cresceram a uma tal magnitude e complexidade que s\u00e3o eles que definem a concep\u00e7\u00e3o popular de necessidade. \u00c9 suficiente considerar a \u201cnecessidade\u201d de se chegar a lugares distantes em poucas horas ou de se \u201ccurtir\u201d a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o instant\u00e2nea. <\/p>\n

Um mecanismo de controle p\u00fablico ainda menos \u00f3bvio \u00e9 a invers\u00e3o tecnol\u00f3gica que resulta do fato de que, conforme descreve o cineasta Godfrey Reggio, \u201cn\u00e3o usamos a tecnologia, VIVEMOS a tecnologia\u201d. Como peixes na \u00e1gua, n\u00e3o consideramos os artefatos modernos como algo separado de n\u00f3s mesmos, e portanto, n\u00e3o podemos admitir que eles existem. <\/p>\n

O cr\u00edtico social Lewis Mumford foi um dos primeiros a perceber a natureza sist\u00eamica da tecnologia. Em \u201cIn The Pentagon of Power\u201d (O Pent\u00e1gono do Poder), ele identificou a met\u00e1fora subjacente das civiliza\u00e7\u00f5es de massas como uma megam\u00e1quina. A linha de montagem \u2013 da f\u00e1brica, da casa, da educa\u00e7\u00e3o, da agricultura, da medicina, do consumismo, do entretenimento. A m\u00e1quina \u2013 centralizando o processo de tomada de decis\u00e3o e controle. O mec\u00e2nico, fragmentando cada ato at\u00e9 que sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com o todo se perca, insistindo no papel pr\u00e9-determinado de cada regi\u00e3o, cada comunidade, cada indiv\u00edduo. <\/p>\n

Mumford habilmente descasca a falsa esperan\u00e7a de uma realidade social baseada nos princ\u00edpios da centraliza\u00e7\u00e3o, controle e efici\u00eancia. Em 1962, ele tentou ver o futuro e viu o pent\u00e1gono do poder encarnado: \u201cuma produtividade mais volumosa, aumentada por computadores quase oniscientes e uma gama mais ampla de antibi\u00f3ticos e inocula\u00e7\u00f5es, com um maior controle sobre o nosso patrim\u00f4nio gen\u00e9tico, com opera\u00e7\u00f5es cir\u00fargicas e transplantes mais complexos, com uma extens\u00e3o da automa\u00e7\u00e3o de cada forma de atividade humana.\u201d <\/p>\n

O totalitarismo inverso \u00e9 tanto inverso quanto totalit\u00e1rio devido ao poder dos modernos sistemas tecnol\u00f3gicos de massas para conformar e controlar as realidades sociais, da mesma forma que conformam e controlam os entendimentos individuais dessas realidades. Sua exist\u00eancia contempor\u00e2nea \u00e9, sem d\u00favida, o resultado de esfor\u00e7os de um grupo de fundamentalistas de direita que se lan\u00e7aram no poder por meio de meios duvidosos \u2013 mas as desesperadas desigualdades sociais do presente, a situa\u00e7\u00e3o de desastre ecol\u00f3gico, e uma pol\u00edtica fascista s\u00e3o produto, tamb\u00e9m do controle e da centraliza\u00e7\u00e3o tecnol\u00f3gicos de longa data.<\/p>\n

O desafio \u00e9 ver o toto e todas as suas partes, n\u00e3o apenas a nova engenhoca brilhante que pretende fazer a vida individual de cada um mais f\u00e1cil ou mais sexy, e que em si mesma, j\u00e1 contribui para que haja um desengajamento pol\u00edtico. O todo \u00e9 uma megam\u00e1quina, com voc\u00ea e sua TV plasma, seu Blackberry, seu carro h\u00edbrido como pe\u00e7as da engrenagem. <\/p>\n

Para forjar um mundo que possa sobreviver \u00e9, de fato, necess\u00e1ria uma mudan\u00e7a de governo \u2013 s\u00f3 para come\u00e7o de conversa. A terr\u00edvel realidade que \u00e9 a sociedade tecnol\u00f3gica de massas sugere mais: uma reorganiza\u00e7\u00e3o tecno-s\u00f3cio-econ\u00f4mica, e com esse fim surgem vis\u00f5es informadas pelos mundos ind\u00edgenas dos quais todos originamos, o regionalismo da \u00e9poca de Mumford, e o biorregionalismo de hoje em dia. Ou as vis\u00f5es da localiza\u00e7\u00e3o for\u00e7ada, propostas pelo Pico do Petr\u00f3leo, o colapso econ\u00f4mico, a mudan\u00e7a clim\u00e1tica e a devasta\u00e7\u00e3o ecol\u00f3gica. <\/p>\n

Chellis Glendinning \u00e9 autora de seis livros, entre eles: \u201cOff the Map: An Expedition Deep into Empire and the Global Economy\u201d, \u201cMy Name Is Chellis\u201d, e \u201cI\u2019m in Recovery from Western Civilization\u201d, al\u00e9m do pr\u00f3ximo \u201cLuddite.com: A Personal History of Technology\u201d.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

In English: <\/strong>
\nTechno-Fascism <\/p>\n

Every Move You Make <\/strong><\/p>\n

By CHELLIS GLENDENNING <\/strong><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.counterpunch.org\/glendenning06192008.html <\/a>
\nJune 19, 2008<\/strong><\/p>\n

Surveillance of private calls and emails. Cameras documenting every move. No habeas corpus. Unimpeded entry into personal financial records. Voting machines changing election outcomes with the flick of a switch. Protest defined as terrorism. Many people hope that the loss of civil rights Americans have endured since the onslaughts mounted by Bush Administration II is a political reality that can be reversed through electoral will. <\/p>\n

Established mechanisms of political power are, of course, the immediately available means for attempting change. Notions of citizens\u2019 rights, freedom, and democratic participation are compelling paradigms that have consistently stirred the bravery of U.S. citizens \u2013 and yet elder political scientist Sheldon Wolin, who taught the philosophy of democracy for five decades, sees the current predicament of corporate-government hegemony as something more endemic. <\/p>\n

\u201cInverted totalitarianism,\u201d as he calls it in his recent Democracy Incorporated , \u201clies in wielding total power without appearing to, without establishing concentration camps, or enforcing ideological uniformity, or forcibly suppressing dissident elements so long as they remain ineffectual.\u201d To Wolin, such a form of political power makes the United States \u201cthe showcase of how democracy can be managed without appearing to be suppressed.\u201d <\/p>\n

Wolin rightfully points out that the origins of U.S. governance were \u201cborn with a bias against democracy,\u201d and yet the system has quickly lunged beyond its less-than-democratic agrarian roots to become a mass urban society that, with distinct 1984 flavorings, could be called techno-fascism. The role of technology is the overlooked piece of the puzzle of the contemporary political conundrum. <\/p>\n

What are its mechanisms of control? <\/strong><\/p>\n

The use of telecommunications technologies for surveillance is obvious. So are willful alteration of computer data for public reportage, manipulation of television news for opinion-shaping, and use of microwave-emitting weapons for crowd control. <\/p>\n

Less obvious are what could be called \u201cinverted mechanization\u201d whereby citizens blindly accept the march of technological development as an expression of a very inexact, some would say erroneous, concept of \u201cprogress.\u201d One mechanism propagating such blindness is the U.S. government\u2019s invisible role as regulatory handmaiden to industry, offering little-to-no means for citizen determination of what technologies are disseminated; instead we get whatever GMOs and nuclear plants corporations dish out. A glaring example is the Telecommunications Act of 1996 that, seeking to not repeat the \u201cerrors\u201d of the nuclear industry, offers zero public input as to health or environmental impacts of its antennae, towers, and satellites \u2013 the result being that the public has not a clue about the very real biological effects of electromagnetic radiation. Inverted mechanization is thrust forward as well by unequal access to resources: corporations lavishly crafting public opinion and mounting limitless legal defenses versus citizen groups who may be dying from exposure to a dangerous technology but whose funds trickle in from bake sales. In his Autonomous Technology: Technics-Out-Of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought , political scientist Langdon Winner points out that, to boot, the artifacts themselves have grown to such magnitude and complexity that they define popular conception of necessity. Witness the \u201cneed\u201d to get to distant locales in a few hours or enjoy instantaneous communication. <\/p>\n

Even less obvious a mechanism of public control is the technological inversion that results from the fact that, as filmmaker Godfrey Reggio puts it, \u201cWe don\u2019t use technology, we live it.\u201d Like fish in water we cannot consider modern artifacts as separate from ourselves and so cannot admit that they exist. <\/p>\n

Social critic Lewis Mumford was among the first to make sense of the systemic nature of technology. In The Pentagon of Power , he identified the underlying metaphor of mass civilizations as the megamachine. The assembly line — of factory, home, education, agriculture, medicine, consumerism, entertainment. The machine — centralizing decision-making and control. The mechanical \u2013 fragmenting every act until its relationship to the whole is lost; insisting upon the pre-determined role of each region, each community, each individual. <\/p>\n

Mumford deftly peels away false hope from a social reality based on principles of centralization, control, and efficiency. In 1962 he peered into the future and saw the pentagon of power incarnate: \u201ca more voluminous productivity, augmented by almost omniscient computers and a wider range of antibiotics and inoculations, with a greater control over our genetic inheritance, with more complex surgical operations and transplants, with an extension of automation to every form of human activity.\u201d <\/p>\n

Inverted totalitarianism is both inverted and totalitarian because of the power of modern mass technological systems to shape and control social realities, just as they shape and control individual understandings of those realities. Its contemporary existence is most definitely the result of the efforts of a group of right-wing fundamentalists who hurled themselves into power through devious means — but today\u2019s desperate social inequities, dire ecological predicament, and fascist politic are the offspring of long-evolving technological centralization and control as well. <\/p>\n

The challenge is to see the whole and all its parts, not just the shiny new device that purports to make one\u2019s individual life easier or sexier — which in itself is a contributor to the making of political disengagement. The whole is a megamachine, with you and your liquid TV, Blackberry, and Prius a necessary cog. <\/p>\n

Forging a survivable world is indeed going to take a change of administration — for starters. The terrifying reality that is mass technological society suggests more: radical techno-socio-economic re-organization, and to that end spring visions informed by the indigenous worlds we all hail from, the regionalism of Mumford\u2019s day, and today\u2019s bioregionalism. Or visions of the forced localization that Peak Oil, economic collapse, climate change, and ecological devastation propose. <\/p>\n

Chellis Glendinning is the author of six books, including Off the Map: An Expedition Deep into Empire and the Global Economy ; My Name Is Chellis and I\u2019m in Recovery from Western Civilization; and the forthcoming Luddite.com: A Personal History of Technology.
\n<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fonte: counterpunch.org de 19 de junho de 2008 Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o: Ag\u00eancia Imediata Grampeamento de chamadas telef\u00f4nicas particulares e de e-mails. C\u00e2maras registrando cada um de seus movimentos. Nada de habeas corpus. Acesso ilimitado aos seus registros financeiros pessoais. M\u00e1quinas de voto que mudam os resultados das elei\u00e7\u00f5es com uma simples viradinha do bot\u00e3o de comuta\u00e7\u00e3o. Manifesta\u00e7\u00f5es […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[37,35,34,36,33],"class_list":["post-10","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lance-de-dados","tag-bush","tag-chellis-glendenning","tag-controle","tag-tecnologia","tag-vigilancia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imediata.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}